Alzheimer’s is only one dementia, and there are many others, currently about ten types. The problem is in identifying the individual’s precise dementia and treating it appropriately.
Multiple brain structures involved in fear work in an interplay of swift reactions meant to preserve and protect life, usually from saber-tooth tigers, but today real or imagined threats.
How long do or should clinical trials take – well, it depends – but often years. Science takes time. It demands rigor and objectivity. It’s not a “now” pursuit.