COP29 President Mukhtar Babayev’s Bold Opening Remarks

Setting the tone, COP29 President Mukhtar Babayev launched the ceremony with a sobering message. “Colleagues, we are on a road to ruin,” he stated bluntly, calling attention to the harsh reality of the climate crisis. “But these are not future problems. Climate change is already here. Whether you see them or not, people are suffering in the shadows. They are dying in the dark, and they need more than compassion, more than prayers and paperwork. They are crying out for leadership and action.”

Babayev’s words underscored the profound human impact of climate change that often goes unseen. In his view, COP29 represents an “unmissable moment” to carve a meaningful path forward that transcends political pledges and delivers concrete action for vulnerable communities worldwide. His rallying call emphasised the urgency for nations to honour the Paris Agreement and support its objectives to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

A Moment of Truth for Global Cooperation

President Babayev urged delegates to view COP29 as a pivotal test of the global commitment to the Paris Agreement. His words were stark: “We need much more from all of you. COP29 is a moment of truth for the Paris Agreement. It will test our commitment to the multilateral climate system. We must now demonstrate that we are prepared to meet the goals we have set ourselves.”

As nations prepare to navigate difficult negotiations over climate finance and emission targets, Babayev’s challenge places the burden of action on the world’s most powerful economies and governments, pressing them to put politics aside and prioritise climate over profit.

Outgoing COP28 President Sultan Al Jaber’s Closing Advice

Following Babayev’s remarks, Sultan Al Jaber, outgoing president of COP28, encouraged attendees to take a hopeful, action-driven negotiation approach. “I urge you all to prove once again that we can unite, act, and deliver,” Al Jaber said, stressing the importance of collective action in a world where political will often falters. He reminded leaders that results must “outlast the rhetoric,” urging them to channel positivity as they seek pragmatic solutions.

In a memorable line, he declared, “We are what we do, not what we say,” an appeal for delegates to let their actions speak louder than words. For Al Jaber, the focus should remain on tangible results that benefit all nations, especially those already bearing the brunt of climate impacts.

UNFCCC Climate Chief Simon Stiell on Finance and Resilience

A central issue at COP29 is the need for increased climate finance to support developing countries in mitigating and adapting to climate impacts. UNFCCC Climate Chief Simon Stiell took the stage with a frank reminder that climate finance is not an act of charity but a matter of global self-interest. “Here in Baku, we must agree on a new global climate finance goal. If at least two-thirds of the world’s nations cannot afford to cut emissions quickly, then every nation pays a brutal price.”

Stiell highlighted the potential consequences if nations fail to act, warning that the fragility of global supply chains and economic systems could spell disaster if they are not built to withstand climate shocks. “If nations can’t build resilience into supply chains, the entire global economy will be brought to its knees. No country is immune,” he cautioned.

Calling for ambitious targets, Stiell noted that finance reform is essential to give countries the necessary fiscal space. “We must work harder to reform the global financial system,” he said, insisting that fiscal reforms are key to equipping vulnerable nations with the resources to invest in climate resilience. He ended his address with a strong message: “We cannot leave Baku without a substantial outcome.”

The Path Forward: New Goals, Financial Commitments, and Accountability

COP29’s opening ceremony made it clear that this summit will be judged on its ability to secure solid financial commitments and actionable climate goals. Substantial financial support is critical for developing nations to implement emissions reductions and adapt to climate impacts. Babayev’s call for “leadership and action,” Al Jaber’s emphasis on “actions over words,” and Stiell’s insistence on a reformed financial framework all point towards the weighty expectations facing this year’s summit.

Leaders are expected to negotiate a new climate finance target, building on the $100 billion annual commitment made in 2009 that developed nations have yet to realise fully. Additionally, discussions will address the structural reform of financial institutions to support climate action in the most vulnerable regions. These issues will likely spark contentious debates, but the consensus is that failure is not an option.

A Defining Moment for Climate Diplomacy

As COP29 unfolds, the challenge for leaders will be to bridge the gap between ambition and action, especially given the year’s climate-fuelled disasters. The calls for reform, responsibility, and results at the opening ceremony reflect a shift in tone, with leaders of developing nations no longer content to wait for incremental progress.

COP29’s start signals a new phase in climate diplomacy that demands accountability from the global community. As Babayev noted, “COP29 is a moment of truth.” The question is whether leaders will heed this call and deliver tangible outcomes that protect our shared future. COP29 can potentially be a historic turning point — provided nations commit to real change.

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The Significance of New York Climate Week

New York Climate Week, hosted by the Climate Group in collaboration with the United Nations and other partners, serves as a platform for governments, businesses, and civil society to showcase their commitments to climate action. Since its inception, the event has played a crucial role in galvanizing global efforts to combat climate change, with leaders announcing ambitious pledges and initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and foster sustainability.

One of the critical features of Climate Week is the Climate Week NYC Hub, a series of events and workshops focused on various aspects of climate action, from renewable energy to sustainable finance. This hub serves as a melting pot of ideas and solutions, fostering stakeholder collaboration and innovation.

The Intersection of Climate and Politics

The intersection of climate and politics becomes particularly pronounced in an election year. Political leaders are not only under pressure to address the pressing issues of the day but also to appeal to their voter base and secure reelection. This dynamic can influence the discourse surrounding climate action, potentially shaping the outcomes of events like New York Climate Week.

However, the politicization of climate change poses a significant challenge to meaningful progress. Partisan divides can sometimes hinder bipartisan cooperation on sustainability policies, leading to gridlock and a failure to build any meaningful momentum. Additionally, short-term political goals may take precedence over long-term environmental objectives, undermining the urgency of climate action.

The seemingly endless push and pull between what the environment demands at this moment and moving forward and what policymakers are willing to agree on may prove disastrous if we cannot collectively overcome bad-faith actors and engage in solutions-oriented negotiations on common, fact-centered ground.

The Role of Leadership

Despite these challenges, political, social, and corporate leadership remains crucial in driving sustainability policy forward. Political leaders can set the agenda, prioritize climate action, and mobilize resources to support renewable energy, conservation efforts, and other sustainability initiatives.

Moreover, corporate leaders are pivotal in advancing sustainability goals through corporate social responsibility initiatives, supply chain management, and investment in clean technologies. By aligning their business practices with environmental stewardship, companies can contribute to a more sustainable future while enhancing their reputation and competitiveness in the market.

The Role of Corporations

Corporations wield significant influence in the fight against climate change, given their economic power, resources, and ability to drive innovation. Their participation and engagement during New York Climate Week can significantly contribute to the success of the event and the advancement of sustainability goals. Corporate communications, in particular, can play a crucial role in amplifying the impact of Climate Week initiatives and fostering collaboration among businesses, governments, and civil society. Here’s how corporations and their communication strategies can make Climate Week a success:

1. Demonstrating Commitment to Sustainability

Corporate participation in New York Climate Week sends a powerful commitment to sustainability and climate action. By showcasing their initiatives, achievements, and commitments to reducing carbon emissions, conserving natural resources, and promoting renewable energy, corporations can inspire others to follow suit. Whether through keynote speeches, panel discussions, or interactive exhibits, companies can use Climate Week to highlight their sustainability efforts and demonstrate leadership in addressing climate change.

2. Sharing Best Practices and Lessons Learned

Climate Week allows corporations to share best practices, lessons learned, and success stories in sustainability. Through workshops, roundtable discussions, and networking events, businesses can exchange knowledge and expertise on energy efficiency, carbon management, supply chain sustainability, and circular economy initiatives. By sharing insights and collaborating with peers, corporations can accelerate progress toward common sustainability goals and drive collective action.

3. Engaging Stakeholders and Building Partnerships

Corporate communications are crucial in engaging stakeholders and building partnerships during Climate Week. Through strategic messaging, storytelling, and outreach efforts, companies can effectively communicate their sustainability priorities, values, and achievements to employees, customers, investors, and the broader public. By fostering transparency and dialogue, corporations can build trust and credibility, strengthen stakeholder relationships, and cultivate a supportive ecosystem for climate action.

4. Mobilizing Resources and Driving Innovation

Corporations have the resources and expertise to drive innovation and scale up solutions for climate change. During Climate Week, companies can announce new investments, partnerships, and initiatives to advance sustainability goals, such as renewable energy projects, green technology innovations, and sustainable supply chain initiatives. By mobilizing financial resources, technical expertise, and market influence, corporations can catalyze innovation and accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy.

5. Advocating for Policy Change and Collective Action

Corporate communications can also play a role in advocating for policy change and collective action on climate issues. Companies can advocate for supportive policy frameworks, incentives, and regulations that promote sustainability and drive investment in clean energy and climate resilience by engaging with policymakers, industry associations, and advocacy groups. Through public advocacy campaigns, thought leadership initiatives, and corporate lobbying efforts, corporations can leverage their influence to shape public policy and drive systemic change.

The Power of Collective Action

At its core, New York Climate Week is about collective action. It brings together stakeholders from diverse backgrounds and perspectives, united by a common goal: to address the climate crisis and build a more sustainable world. Through collaboration and dialogue, participants can identify shared challenges and opportunities, forge partnerships, and catalyze change at scale.

Moreover, the outcomes of New York Climate Week can extend far beyond the event itself. Pledges made and initiatives launched during the week can inspire further action and investment, both at the local and global levels. By amplifying the voices of leaders committed to climate action, Climate Week has the potential to mobilize public support and pressure policymakers to prioritize sustainability policy.

The Role of Public Engagement

Public engagement is also critical in driving momentum for sustainability policy. Citizens can hold their elected officials accountable, advocate for climate-friendly policies, and support businesses prioritizing environmental responsibility. Grassroots movements, youth activism, and community-led initiatives can all significantly shape the political landscape and drive meaningful change.

Monitoring the critical conversations at Climate Week can be a challenge for the concerned individual citizen, but finding a non-profit or advocacy organization to align with either in a membership capacity or even to follow on social media and receive updates may provide a more complete picture of how the sustainability conversation is being framed.

In an election year, the power of the electorate to influence policy outcomes is especially pronounced. By demanding action on climate change and making sustainability a top priority at the ballot box, voters can send a clear message to policymakers about the importance of environmental stewardship. Staying informed is critical.

COP v. Climate Week: Global Gatherings with Very Different Tenors

New York Climate Week is just one of the significant global gatherings focused on climate on the calendar. COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, will happen shortly after the United States elections in November. While New York Climate Week and the Conference of the Parties (COP) bring together global stakeholders to address climate change, they differ in scope, format, and objectives. Understanding these distinctions is essential for assessing how New York Climate Week may shift paradigms in the fight for sustainability policy, particularly as America chooses its next president.

1. Scope and Focus

COP conferences, organized by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), are large-scale international gatherings where countries negotiate and finalize multilateral agreements on climate change. These agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, set binding targets for greenhouse gas emissions reductions and establish frameworks for international cooperation on climate action.

In contrast, New York Climate Week is a more diverse and decentralized event, encompassing a wide range of stakeholders beyond national governments. While COP conferences primarily involve government representatives, Climate Week engages businesses, civil society organizations, and local governments, fostering a potentially more holistic approach to climate action.

2. Format and Structure

COP conferences follow a structured negotiation process, with formal plenary sessions, working groups, and side events focused on specific issues. These conferences culminate in adopting official documents, such as the COP decisions and the conference outcome reports, which serve as the basis for international climate policy.

New York Climate Week, on the other hand, features a more fluid and dynamic format, with various events, panel discussions, and workshops hosted by multiple organizations and stakeholders. While Climate Week lacks the formal decision-making authority of COP conferences, it provides a platform for networking, knowledge sharing, and collaboration, driving momentum for climate action at all levels.

3. Objectives and Outcomes

The primary objective of COP conferences is to negotiate and finalize international agreements on climate change, focusing on achieving consensus among participating countries. These agreements often set long-term targets and timelines for emissions reductions and mechanisms for financial assistance and technology transfer to support developing countries in their climate efforts.

In contrast, the objectives of New York Climate Week are more diverse and multifaceted. While the event aims to showcase commitments and initiatives from various stakeholders, its ultimate goal is to mobilize action and catalyze momentum for climate solutions. The outcomes of Climate Week may include new partnerships, initiatives, and pledges, as well as increased public awareness and engagement on climate issues.

4. Political Context

Another key difference between New York Climate Week and COP conferences is the political context in which they occur. While the UNFCCC process governs COP conferences and involves formal negotiations among countries, Climate Week takes place in a broader political landscape shaped by national and regional dynamics.

In an election year, the political context surrounding New York Climate Week may be particularly significant as policymakers seek to demonstrate leadership on climate issues to their constituents. However, participating countries’ domestic political priorities may influence the ambition and commitment they bring to the event.

As New York Climate Week approaches, the stakes remain high. Amid an election year, the event has the potential to catalyze momentum for sustainability policy, but it also faces challenges posed by political polarization and short-term thinking. Nevertheless, the power of collective action, leadership, and public engagement is a proven combination that gets results. We can build a more sustainable future for future generations by coming together to address the climate crisis. As individuals, businesses, and governments, we all have a role in moving the needle toward a more sustainable world.

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A discerning analysis of 42 indicators reveals a troubling reality: 41 are not on track to meet their 2030 targets. This revelation paints a sobering picture of the inadequacy characterizing our current approach to climate action. Over half of these indicators face a protracted trajectory, demanding an immediate and twofold acceleration of efforts throughout this crucial decade. The report further underscores the unsettling revelation that six indicators are moving in the wrong direction, posing formidable challenges to the core tenets of climate resilience.

As we navigate the challenge of climate governance, the report spotlights significant setbacks in critical areas. With subsidies nearly doubling, the steep increase in public financing for fossil fuels raises concerns about the sustained financial support underpinning environmentally disastrous practices. Moreover, the marginal increase in global deforestation to 5.8 million hectares in 2022 underscores the formidable challenges in achieving crucial conservation goals, accentuating the uphill battle against rampant deforestation.

Amidst the shadows cast by setbacks, the report unveils promising developments in certain sectors. The exponential growth in the share of electric vehicles in passenger car sales, surging from 1.6% in 2018 to 10% in 2022, illuminates a path toward sustainable transportation. Simultaneously, positive momentum in areas like mandatory corporate climate risk disclosure, electric truck sales, and the electric vehicle share in the passenger car fleet highlights the potential for transformative change, offering glimpses of a sustainable future.

The imperative for immediate and transformative change echoes across diverse sectors:

· Increasing Renewable Energies: A call for a twofold increase in the annual growth rate of solar and wind power, aiming for a 24% share in electricity generation by 2030.

· Coal Phase-Out: A compelling narrative advocates for the expeditious phase-out of coal in electricity generation, seven times faster than current rates.

· Rapid Transit Infrastructure: The report envisages a sixfold expansion in the coverage of rapid transit infrastructure, akin to constructing systems thrice the size of New York City’s network annually.

· Deforestation Reduction: The clarion call calls for a fourfold acceleration in reducing the annual rate of deforestation, corresponding to deforestation of 15 football fields per minute in 2022.

· Sustainable Diets: An eightfold acceleration is championed toward healthier, more sustainable diets, particularly in high-consuming regions.

In the face of unprecedented challenges, the State of Climate Action 2023 stands as an imperative narrative, beckoning global leaders, policymakers, and citizens to endeavor to collectively recalibrate our approach to climate governance. As we navigate this complex terrain, the report underscores the transformative potential embedded within international collaboration, ambitious policy interventions, and a steadfast commitment to forging a sustainable trajectory for the future.

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The Alarming Thresholds

The Global Tipping Points report, a landmark study by a team of 200 researchers funded by the Bezos Earth Fund, alarmingly indicates that humanity is on the cusp of breaching five critical natural thresholds. These include the collapse of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets, the extensive permafrost thawing, the dying off of coral reefs in warm waters, and the breakdown of atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic. These shifts are not incremental but can cause the climate to abruptly shift from one state to another, leading to irreversible and extensive impacts.

The Domino Effect of Tipping Points

Tim Lenton from the University of Exeter’s Global Systems Institute highlights the profound implications of these tipping points, stating, “Tipping points in the Earth system pose threats of a magnitude never faced by humanity.” He discusses the cascading effects, including the loss of vital ecosystems and agricultural capability, which can lead to societal upheavals like mass displacement, political instability, and economic collapse.

Three More Tipping Points on the Horizon

The report also cautions that three additional systems may reach their tipping points in the 2030s if global warming exceeds 1.5C above pre-industrial levels. These include mangroves, seagrass meadows, and boreal forests, with a tipping point between 1.4C and 5C warming.

The COP28 Climate Summit and Emissions Targets

In the context of these warnings, the COP28 climate summit in Dubai takes on even greater significance. However, Climate Action Tracker’s recent estimates suggest that 2030 emissions targets would result in a 2.5C rise in temperature by the end of the century, significantly overshooting the 1.5C goal.

Feedback Loops and Cascading Effects

The report underscores the potential for feedback loops that can exacerbate global warming or trigger other tipping points. For example, melting the Greenland ice sheet could disrupt the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, impacting global weather patterns, including the El Niño southern oscillation.

The Uncertainty and Urgency

Despite uncertainties around the timing of these shifts, co-author Sina Loriani from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research emphasises the urgency, noting the irreversible changes these thresholds could trigger for centuries to come.

IPCC’s Findings on Tipping Points

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) supports these findings, acknowledging that while precise tipping points are unclear, the risks become more acute with increasing temperatures.

The Flip Side: Positive Tipping Points

The report also highlights ‘positive tipping points’ like the rapid decline in renewable energy costs and the growth of electric vehicle sales. However, these positive changes require proactive strategies involving innovation, market development, regulation, and public engagement.

A Call for Caution and Action

Co-author Manjana Milkoreit urges caution in over-relying on social tipping points without scalable and controllable solutions, advocating for a balanced approach that combines hope with realism.

Conclusion

As COP28 unfolds, the scientific community sends a clear message: immediate action is crucial. Earth’s proximity to irreversible environmental tipping points calls for a united, global response to combat climate change and adopt sustainable solutions. Our choices today are vital for the planet’s future and the legacy we leave for the next generations.

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TEL AVIV, Israel – November 28, 2023 — UBQ Materials, climate tech developer of advanced materials made from waste, today announced its COP28 agenda focused on showcasing its proven resource recovery solution to convert residual household waste into climate positive UBQ™ material. UBQ Materials will for the third year join the Israel delegation at COP28 in Dubai, exhibiting in the Israel Pavilion. Additionally, UBQ Materials has partnered with the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), which unveiled the first ever Waste and Resource Pavilion, emphasizing the substantial link between waste and climate change.

Within the Waste and Resource Pavilion, UBQ will highlight its novel bio-based material, UBQ™, which was named a 2023 TIME Best Invention. The company will showcase how incorporating UBQ™ can enable companies to meet specific sustainability targets such as waste diversion, circularity, increased post-consumer recycled content and emissions removal and avoidance. According to leading environmental sustainability consultancy Quantis, for every ton of UBQ™ used, manufacturers effectively prevent up to 11.7 tons of CO2eq. emissions and divert over 1.3 tons of waste from landfills and incineration.

“Joining the first Waste and Materials Pavilion aligns us with ISWA’s mission at COP28 calling upon stakeholders to ‘recognize the Waste and Resource Management sector as a net reducer of GHG emissions towards a low carbon future.’ This has been part of our story from our inception,” explained Gali Feldboy, Global Sustainability Director of UBQ Materials. “The take-make-waste economy cannot continue. UBQ sees waste as an abundant asset that can be converted into valuable materials through innovative solutions. Our process retains the inherent value of mixed household waste by converting it into a sustainable, adaptable raw material that can replace carbon-intense oil-based plastics across endless durable and semi-durable applications.”

UBQ Materials executives will contribute to conversations at COP28 focused on real-world solutions that tackle climate change. Feldboy will serve as a panellist as part of the Waste and Resources Pavilion program entitled Social Entrepreneurship to Tackle Climate Change joined by Carlos Silva Filho, President of ISWA, Christina Jaeger of the Yunus Environment Hub, Andre Dzikus of UN Habitat’s African Clean Cities Platform and Aline Cardoso, São Paulo Secretary for Economic Development and Entrepreneurship.  

Co-founder and co-CEO of UBQ Materials Jack ‘Tato’ Bigio will speak at the UNFCCC Global Innovation Hub Pavilion on the Climate Partnerships: Corporate – Startup Collaboration for Net Zero Targets panel. The session, part of the COP28 theme on Energy, Industry and Just Transition, will focus on successful corporate and startup collaborations aimed at achieving net-zero targets. Organized by Start-Up Nation Central, Bigio will be joined by UBQ customer Keter, one of the world’s leading manufacturers and marketers of resin-based household furniture and garden consumer products, to discuss how incorporating UBQ™ is enabling Keter to achieve is sustainability targets.

“In this Global Stocktake year, it’s more important than ever for stakeholders across both public and private sectors to understand the proven, scalable and economically sustainable solutions that will measurably reduce carbon emissions,” said Bigio. “With our Netherlands facility scheduled to begin operations, we’re already in the process of selecting the site for our next facility. COP28 gives us the opportunity to connect with governments, policy makers and leading companies from around the world to demonstrate the power of UBQ™ to localize waste management and harness this valuable resource to create a sustainable, highly recyclable material supporting a true circular economy.”

UBQ Materials will also exhibit from the Israel Pavilion, one of four Israeli companies taking part in the event this year. The company will present to attendees its first industrial scale facility scheduled to become operational by the end of 2023. Located in Bergen op Zoom known for its advanced industrial and manufacturing sector, the industrial-scale facility will have an annual production capacity of 80,000 metric tons of UBQ™, cycling 104,600 tons of regional waste back into productive use.

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About UBQ Materials Ltd.

UBQ Materials Ltd. closes the loop between the ecosystems of waste and materials. Through its advanced conversion technology, UBQ Materials Ltd. has created a pioneering bio-based thermoplastic, UBQ™, made entirely from residual waste, including all organics and hard-to-recycle materials. A sustainable plastic substitute, UBQ™ preserves finite resources, diverts waste from landfills and incinerators and prevents emissions. A certified B Corp, UBQ Materials is expanding globally to provide the world’s largest businesses, municipalities and consumers with a climate positive solution for a circular economy. Learn more by visiting www.ubqmaterials.com.

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The WMO’s annual reports, initiated in 2019, are vital for informing climate adaptation and mitigation efforts. The 2023 report, with its spotlight on health, provides a wealth of scientifically based information to support national and international policy-making. This article delves into the key findings and recommendations of the report, underscoring the undeniable interconnection between climate and health.

The Grim Reality of Health Risks from Climate Change

The WMO report unequivocally states that the health risks from climate change will soar, with a projected over 50% increase in excess mortality by 2050, particularly in Africa. This stark prognosis results from intensified temperature extremes, storms, floods, droughts, and wildfires. The consequences are not just statistical forecasts but real threats that will exacerbate the health disparities already experienced by the most vulnerable communities.

The Underestimated Impact of Extreme Heat

Notably, the WMO identifies extreme heat as a significant cause of mortality, with heat-related deaths potentially being 30 times higher than what current estimates suggest. Despite this, only half of the countries affected provide heat warning services to health decision-makers. The burden of heat-related mortality between 2000 and 2019 was especially high in Asia and Europe. With the onset of phenomena like El Niño, the report anticipates even more record-breaking temperatures, making the adaptation challenge greater.

Air Quality: A Silent Killer in the Climate Crisis

The quality of the air we breathe is a critical determinant of health. The report positions air quality as the fourth biggest killer by health risk factor. Despite the clear link between climate mitigation actions, such as reducing air pollution and saving lives, investment in this area is meagre. Only 2% of climate finance commitments to tackle air pollution in developing and emerging countries are recorded, revealing a significant gap in climate finance and health protection measures.

Investment Deficiency in Climate Services for Health

The report criticises the need for more investment in the health sector’s capabilities to deploy research and integrated systems for effective climate adaptation and mitigation-related decision-making. Alarmingly, just 0.2% of total bilateral and multilateral adaptation finance supports health-focused projects. This lack of investment leaves the health sector ill-prepared to safeguard the most vulnerable against climate impacts.

The WMO’s Role and Recommendations

In response to a UN request, the WMO, through its Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) has taken on the responsibility of reporting on the state of climate services to inform more effective investment and enhance adaptation and development outcomes. The 2023 report is comprehensive, covering a range of data, literature, policy documents, and case studies, and is structured to guide the reader from the challenges to actionable recommendations.

The report’s recommendations for the way forward include:

• Implementing early warning systems for extreme weather events.
• Increasing investment in climate services that focus on health.
• Transitioning to clean energy sources to mitigate air pollution.
• Enhancing healthcare infrastructure to withstand climate change.
• Focusing on the most vulnerable populations in climate adaptation measures.
• These steps are prescriptive and necessitate a paradigm shift in how we perceive the relationship between climate change and public health.

A Call for Concerted Action

Understanding and mitigating the health risks posed by climate change requires combined efforts from environmental and public health fronts. The WMO’s message is clear: Addressing the climate-health nexus is essential for the well-being of current and future generations. It calls for unprecedented cooperation among governments, corporations, and citizens.

Grassroots Initiatives and Global Policies

While the report highlights the role of global and national policies, it also emphasises the power of grassroots initiatives. From the renewable energy targets set by the Australian state of Victoria to Nigeria’s vibrant off-grid solar market, the report illustrates that people-centred initiatives offer a beacon of hope for a sustainable future free from fossil fuel dependence.

Conclusion

As the WMO 2023 State of Climate Services report illustrates, the intersection of climate change and public health is fraught with challenges yet ripe with opportunities. It is a multifaceted issue that requires a multidimensional response — one that is as informed by the complexities of global health as it is by the intricacies of the climate system.

With COP28 on the horizon and the climate crisis intensifying, the insights from this report are more relevant than ever. The global community is at a crossroads, and the decisions made now will shape the health outcomes of billions. It’s a stark reminder that in the race against climate change, there is no victory without safeguarding the health of the most vulnerable. The WMO’s report not only provides the roadmap but also the imperative to act without delay.

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Yet, Al Jaber has thoughtfully restated the importance of oil and gas companies having a seat at the table and being held responsible for a sustainable future. Indeed, if we are going to develop and implement a strategy for phasing out fossil fuels, it would stand to reason that they should be part of the conversation and provide realistic solutions and a timetable for action.

Criticism, debate, and questioning are crucial in understanding the global dialogue and negotiation’s various sides and coming to an actionable agreement.

How to stay current and have at your fingertips analysis ensures wise, objective decisions. One of the best ways to get closer to the COP28 thought leaders and follow their statements, positions, and conversations, and the priority issues being discussed is to track — follow — their public exchanges.

Interested in COP28 and its impact on your strategy and progress? Here are 28 voices to follow.

7 Voices “Repping” COP28

1) COP28 UAE Official Account

The official COP28 accounts will give you the most up-to-date information on what’s happening and the conversations that COP28 is following.

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2) Dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber

President of COP28, Al Jaber, is tasked with setting the agenda for this year’s meeting.

“We must be brutally honest about the gaps that need to be filled, the root causes, and how we got here today.”

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3) Simon Stiell

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) Executive Secretary is actively posting about COP28. He will keep you in the loop on what’s happening.

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4) Hana Alhashimi

The UAE Chief Climate Negotiator for COP27 & COP28. She is active at events leading up to COP28 and posts key takeaways and updates. She’s also a senior adviser to the United Nations General Assembly on the environment, climate action, and sustainable energy.

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5) Alok Sharma

President of COP26 and is a current Member of Parliament in the UK. He provides insightful commentary. He is UK policy-focused but a global voice of influence.

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6) Manal Nadeem

A Top 10 UAE-based youth delegates out of 500+ applicants focused on advancing youth inclusion at COP28. She’s involved in planning events at the Youth Pavilion and helping to equip young delegates to navigate the complexities of COP.

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7) Damilola Ogunbiyi

On the COP28 Advisory, she was the CEO and Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General (UN SRSG) for Sustainable Energy for All and Co-Chair of UN-Energy. She’s a mover and shaker and has helped secure $600 billion in commitments for energy finance. Ogunbiyi is a pivotal player to watch, with a significant emphasis on the transition to renewable energy.

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7 Journalist Voices to Follow

1) John Ainger

John’s been covering climate at Bloomberg for years. As an attendee at COP27, he shared frequent live updates, so keep him on your news radar screen as one-to-watch to stay in the know.

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2) Valerie Volcovici

Covering climate at Reuters, Valerie attended COP27 and shared articles throughout the event. We can expect to see similarly comprehensive coverage.

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3) Akshat Rathi

Writing for Bloomberg Green, Akshat is fearless in adding his two cents to the conversation. He was at last year’s COP and will likely be following closely again this year. Also, he’s released a book, “Climate Capitalism,” with the thesis that capitalism may be the answer to advancing climate solutions at the needed pace.

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4) Fiona Harvey

Fiona has been covering the environment since 2004. As the environmental editor for The Guardian, Fiona has covered stories on topics spanning ecological issues, from plastic waste and the impact of heating on agricultural systems to climate financing and energy transition. She’s also attended almost every COP event since 2004.

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5) Josh Gabbatiss

Covering climate policy as a correspondent at CarbonBrief, Josh covers climate policy, energy, research, finance, and more. He was at COP27 and was not shy to share his takes. He asks good questions and keeps a global perspective in his analysis.

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6) Leon Lidigu

Leon is a global health and climate journalist for Nation Media Group in Kenya. He looks at the impacts on the environment and climate change on human health. He’s tapped in with the broader journalistic community in Nairobi and adds a critical perspective representing the global South.

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7) Patrick Galey

He’s a senior investigator for Global Witness, a non-profit challenging abuse of power to protect people. He’s also a former AFP reporter who brings a critical viewpoint.

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7 Business Leaders to Follow

1) Adam Elman

He’s the Head of Sustainability for Google EMEA. He is solutions-focused and in a position to affect change. He attended COP27 and presented on a Google collaboration to support mapping and understanding seagrass ecosystems and their ability to absorb carbon.

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2) Pascal Barollier

He’s the Managing Director of the Public Engagement & Information Services Department at Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, a dedicated advocacy and public policy team. Pascal is the Gavi representative leading on climate and health and plans to be at COP28, where he will oversee activities, particularly during health day.

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3) Vanessa Kerry, MD MSc

She’s the CEO of Seed Global Health, a non-profit that invests in health system strengthening by training needed health professionals in resource-limited settings. She is also Special Envoy on Climate Change and Health to the World Health Organization. Dr. Kerry is a physician at Massachusetts General Hospital and is the associate director of Partnerships and Global Initiatives at the hospital’s Center for Global Health.

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4) Lynn Loo

She’s the CEO of the Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation, a non-profit to accelerate the international shipping transition to an alow-zero-carbon future. This topic is set to be a focus area at COP28, so her feed is one to watch. Based in Singapore, she’s a chemical engineer (Ph.D. from Princeton) and served as a Professor at Princeton in Engineering and at the Adlinger Center for Energy and the Environment.

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5) Vojtech Vosecky

He’s a circular economist and co-founder of the Institute of Circular Economy. He’s focused on building a world without waste. He is a Chairman of a Steering Committee for Circular Economy, helping Prague transition to circularity. He is also an Associate for Circle Economy, focused on the Nordics and the CEE. Vojtech was a Top Green Voice on LinkedIn in 2022.

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6) Mohamed Adow

He’s an international climate policy expert, and the Founder and Director of Power Shift Africa, a climate and energy think tank communicating from an African perspective. He is committed to advocating for those in developing nations, especially as climate change disproportionately impacts these populations.

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7) Kate Raworth

She’s a heterodox economist working to transition economics, which has contributed significantly to climate change, into a science capable of transitioning our societies to a sustainable future. Her scholarship is dedicated to balancing vital human needs and planetary boundaries, known as Doughnut Economics. This work ensures climate change is combated equitably to improve lives. She founded the Doughnut economics action lab and is on the World Health Organizations’ Council for ‘Economics for Health of All.’

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7 Climate-Focused Academics & Researchers to Know

1) Dr. Aisha Al-Sarihi

She’s a non-resident fellow of The Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington and a research fellow for the National University of Singapore’s Middle East Institute. She focuses on the Middle East and offers a measured approach from her perspective.

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2) Prof. Katharine Hayhoe

She’s a climate scientist, the Chief Scientist of The Nature Conservancy, and a Co-Director of the Texas Tech University’s Climate Center. She provides a lot of interesting information via X as well as her website: https://www.katharinehayhoe.com/

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3) Renzo Guinto, MD

He’s a physician interested in global health and sustainable development; Dr.Renzo Guinto is a third-year Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) candidate at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He offers a global perspective and strategic thinking, offering ideas on various topics from universal health care, medical education, and migrant health to international health diplomacy, noncommunicable diseases, and climate change & energy policy.

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4) Naomi (Sheehan) Sheehan

She’s a sustainable development scientist, planetary poly-crisis theorist, climate action, and social justice advisor. She is the founder of the behavioral science group “Climate Communicators.” A Top Green Voice and thought leader for European Thought Leadership on LinkedIn 2022/23, Naomi’s intersectional work focuses on the current planetary poly-crises of climate breakdown, biodiversity collapse, economic loss, and humanitarian meta-crises.

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5) Roberta Boscolo

She’s the Climate and Energy Science Officer for the World Meteorological Organization. She previously worked for the World Climate Research Programme. She led a team of scientists applying climate change research to develop climate adaptation strategies. This contributed to shaping the vision of the UN lead initiative led by the WMO — Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS). She’s a Top Sustainability Influencer on LinkedIn.

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6) Dr. Adelaide Lusambili

She’s part of the Climate Health and Maternal Neonatal Health Africa (CHAMNHA) consortium of researchers from the UK, Norway, Sweden, South Africa, Burkina Faso, USA, and Kenya studying the effects of heat exposure on the health of pregnant women and their newborns. Dr. Lusambili also serves as Associate Professor at the African International University within the Environmental Health and Governance Centre. She’s adding an essential voice to the conversation on the intersection of climate and health.

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7) Dr. Maria Neira

She’s the Director of the Department of Public Health and Environment at the World Health Organization (WHO). She is focused on the impact of climate change — notably air pollution — on human health. Dr. Neira was rated one of the 100 Most Influential Voices in Climate Policy in 2022/23 by Apolitical.

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Looking Toward COP28 — Have a Plan

This list represents a cross-section of geographies and themes, from energy transition and phasing out fossil fuels to advancing circularity in the built environment to decarbonizing trade and climate financing. For the first time this year, human health will receive a full day of focus. Michelle Williams, Dean of Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, said best, “Health is the human face of climate change.”

If you are in the planetary or human health business, this year’s COP28 will be an essential focal point of decision-making. Following these 28 powerhouses will give you a window into the COP28 conversations and the next phase of efforts to tackle our climate challenges.

Regardless of your industry sector or where you hail, if you’re a COP28 “watcher,” climate tech innovation or policy maker, tracking with these 28 voices centered around COP28 will elevate your perspective and ensure you have an informed voice at whatever table you sit.

Appreciation

Thanks to my colleagues Richard Hatzfeld, Senior Partner, Global Public Health, and Christopher Nial, Senior Partner, Global Health Practice | EMEA Public Health Co‑Lead, who each contributed key influential voices to this list. They are both influencers in their own right and worth following for perspectives on the intersection of climate and public health.

The post COP28 Conversations — Join the Community in the Know – 28 Influencers to Follow appeared first on Medika Life.

The world has long been dependent on petroleum-based plastics. They are cheap, durable, and versatile, finding applications from healthcare to consumer goods. Plastic has historically been an affordable material to produce and use, largely due to the relatively low cost of oil. However, the environmental toll is immense, and with rising oil prices approaching US $100 per barrel for Kuwait Export Blend on 15th September 2023, The economics behind plastics are being reevaluated. This brings us to a crucial comparison: petroleum-based plastics vs. bioplastics.

A crude oil component called ‘naphtha’ is at the core of plastic production. The proportion of naphtha (from naphthenes) in crude oil can vary based on the specific type of oil, but it generally constitutes between 15% and 30% of the crude oil by weight. Consequently, even if there is a decline in the demand for oil for heating and powering internal combustion engine vehicles, our existing or increasing need for petroleum-based plastics necessitates continued oil extraction at current levels.

The True Cost of Petroleum-Based Plastics

Petroleum-based plastics generally range from US $1 to US $5 per kilogram. However, these prices are influenced by fluctuating oil prices. When oil exceeds US $100 a barrel, the cost of producing petroleum-based plastics can increase significantly, possibly reaching upwards of US $6 or US $7 per kilogram. For context, 1.9 kilograms of crude oil is required for 1 kilogram of plastic.

What often goes unmentioned are the hidden environmental and public health costs. From carbon emissions during production to microplastics contaminating water bodies, the externalities are far-reaching. In the context of global public health, the long-term impact could be costly treatments for diseases triggered by environmental degradation. Considering these hidden costs, it’s clear that we need to reevaluate our reliance on petroleum-based plastics. Enter the promising alternative: bioplastics.

Consider the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. This floating “island” of plastic debris in the Pacific Ocean spans an area twice the size of Texas. It consists primarily of microplastics — tiny particles that fish often mistake for food. Not only does this harm marine life, but these plastics also enter the food chain, ultimately consumed by humans. Studies have shown that microplastics can carry harmful pathogens and toxic chemicals, which raise serious concerns for global public health.

The Cost of Bioplastics: More Than Just Numbers

As we look for ways to mitigate the environmental impact of our consumption habits, a crucial question arises: are people willing to pay a little more for bioplastics to promote sustainability? Bioplastics are usually more expensive, ranging from around US $2.5 to US $15 per kilogram. This is partly due to less mature production processes and smaller economies of scale. Bioplastic prices are expected to drop as production and distribution processes become more streamlined. For example, the price of Polylactic acid (PLA) has fallen by 50 percent since its introduction in 2007, with an average drop of 9 percent annually.

Bioplastics are a revolutionary subset of plastics that have piqued interest for their environmentally friendly pedigree. Unlike traditional plastics, predominantly synthesised from fossil fuels like petroleum, bioplastics are crafted from renewable biological resources. These can range from corn starch and sugarcane to more avant-garde materials like algae. This shift in raw materials has profound implications for sustainability. Among these next-gen materials, PLA bioplastic is a prime example of how far we’ve come in creating eco-friendly alternatives.

PLA bioplastic is a versatile material with a wide range of applications. It’s commonly used in food packaging, including containers, cups, trays, and packaging films and wraps. Beyond packaging, PLA is ideal for creating utensils, shopping bags, and rubbish (or trash) bags. It’s also used in plant pots, textiles and fabrics. For the tech-savvy, PLA is a popular filament in most 3D printers, prized for its detailed printing capabilities. In the medical field, PLA is highly valued for implants and sutures, as it breaks down harmlessly in the body over time. Additionally, it’s a material found in various consumer goods, from toys and cellphone cases to sunglasses frames.

However, bioplastics often boast a reduced carbon footprint and lesser environmental impact, aligning more closely with sustainability objectives. This is a crucial consideration when integrating public health goals and environmental responsibility. In particular, bioplastics offer a reduction in carbon emissions from fossil fuel-based materials. The production of bio-based plastics requires up to 90 percent less energy than traditional plastics and has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 80 percent.

One such example is the case of NatureWorks LLC, a leading company in producing Ingeo biopolymer, which is made from plants like sugarcane. According to studies and life cycle assessments conducted on their bioplastics, NatureWorks found that their Ingeo biopolymer could produce up to 60–80% less greenhouse gases and consume approximately 50% less non-renewable energy during production than traditional plastics like PET and PS.

Are all bioplastics sustainable?

It’s essential to note that not all bioplastics are equally sustainable. The source of the biological material, the agricultural practices involved, and the biodegradability of the final product are all factors that need to be scrutinised. For instance, corn is a monoculture crop, often grown in vast fields requiring significant synthetic fertiliser and pesticide inputs. These chemicals can run off into waterways, leading to nutrient pollution and other environmental issues. The energy used for planting, cultivating, and harvesting the corn also contributes to its environmental footprint. And let’s remember the ethical concerns related to using food-grade corn for plastic production while food insecurity remains a problem in many parts of the world.

Theoretically, bioplastics made from agricultural byproducts, such as corn or sugarcane, are more sustainable than those derived from food crops. But it’s important to note that food crops can be grown on land suitable for other purposes, such as grazing pastures and forests. Thus, if we were to use these crops for bio-based plastics instead of human consumption, we would need additional land to meet global demand.

Bioplastics often have a lower carbon footprint during production compared to petroleum-based plastics. Plants absorb CO2 as they grow, offsetting some emissions generated during production. However, it’s essential to consider agricultural practices, such as pesticide use and land conversion, which can add to the environmental impact.

However, curbside recycling is increasingly a common practice. You can typically dispose of bioplastics in your curbside recycling bin. Many communities have separate bins for plastic and paper collected weekly in a local curbside recycling program.

Bioplastics can require significant amounts of water and energy during production. In some cases, energy might come from non-renewable sources, negating some environmental benefits. However, a 2009 study found that one type of corn-based bioplastic requires significantly less energy than traditional plastics made from petroleum.

Companies might market bioplastics as “green” or “eco-friendly,” but the environmental benefits vary widely. This can mislead consumers and stakeholders, especially those keen on making sustainable choices.

Carbon sequestration — another perspective

While bioplastics have been spotlighted for their potential to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and lower carbon footprints, it’s crucial to recognise other innovative strategies to mitigate environmental impact. One such promising avenue explores the possibilities of Carbon Sequestration — a concept that goes beyond mere storage of CO2 to its productive utilisation.

CO2 from carbon sequestration or carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be turned into plastic. There are several different ways to do this, but they all involve using catalysts to convert the CO2 into other chemicals that can then be used to make plastic. This process is called carbon capture and utilisation (CCU). Plastic is just one product; others include synthetic fuels, building materials and fertiliser.

While still an emerging area, companies like Newlight Technologies are pioneering this space. Newlight uses carbon capture technology to convert greenhouse gases like methane and CO2 into a bioplastic material called AirCarbon. This material is then used in everything from furniture to packaging, effectively sequestering the carbon and reducing the product’s overall carbon footprint

Alternatively, using a catalyst to convert CO2 into ethylene a basic building block for many plastics. This can be done using various catalysts, such as nickel and cobalt. Once the CO2 has been converted into ethylene, it can be used to make a variety of plastics, such as polyethylene and polypropylene.

Another approach is to use a catalyst to convert CO2 into propylene, another basic plastic building block. This can also be done using a variety of different catalysts. Once the CO2 has been converted into propylene, it can be used to make a variety of plastics, such as polypropylene and polystyrene. Given that propylene is one of the most widely used plastic materials globally, even a small percentage shift to a more sustainable production method could have significant global implications.

When Oil Prices Skyrocket: A Comparative Analysis

As oil prices continue their unpredictable dance, close to hitting the US $100 mark or more, the financial landscape for plastics is dramatically shifting. The spike in oil prices directly affects the cost of production for petroleum-based plastics, making them less economically appealing. On the flip side, this creates a golden opportunity for bioplastics to become not just an environmentally responsible choice but a financially prudent one.

High oil prices can serve as a catalyst for change, forcing industries to reevaluate their material choices. In sectors like healthcare, where both plastics are widely used, this reevaluation could lead to more sustainable practices that resonate with broader public health and climate goals.

While petroleum-based plastics have long been the default choice due to their affordability and versatility, the changing landscape of oil economics and the urgent need to tackle climate change make it imperative to consider bioplastics an increasingly viable alternative. As we evaluate these options, understanding the nuanced monetary and environmental costs is crucial for making decisions that align with economic sustainability and ethical responsibility. The time for reevaluation is now; the choices we make today will sculpt the future we will live in. What kind of plastic will shape your future? The answer to this question can propel us all towards a more sustainable, healthier planet.

The post When Oil Hits $100: The Cost Dynamics of Petroleum-Based Plastics vs Bioplastics Shifts — What Kind of Plastic Will Shape Your Future? appeared first on Medika Life.

According to a recent report, global warming has surpassed the limits of human survival, posing a significant threat to our well-being and existence. Rising temperatures are causing immediate health impacts and increasing the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the long term. Despite the situation’s urgency, we must adequately address these issues in the upcoming 28th United Nations climate conference (COP28) agenda.

The tangible impacts of this changing climate — heatwaves, raging wildfires, and soaring temperatures — are now daily headlines. Yet, the mounting toll on human health and, by extension, the global economy is alarmingly underreported. From acute afflictions like heatstroke to chronic conditions such as kidney disease, the health bill of our warming planet is escalating. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’s recent remarks that we’ve transitioned from “global warming” to “global boiling” should jolt the financial community into recognising the profound economic implications ahead.

Yet, amidst this surge in health threats, a crucial aspect remains largely sidelined: non-communicable diseases (NCDs) exacerbated by extreme heat. Predictive models warn of surging mortality rates from heat-related NCDs by 2030, predominantly in economically significant regions like Asia, Europe, and North America. It’s not just a health crisis; it’s an impending economic one, with substantial disruptions to workforces and healthcare systems.

The ‘wet bulb temperature’ is critical to understanding this risk, an indicator of temperature combined with humidity. Human survival becomes compromised when this metric breaches specific thresholds, jeopardising productivity and economic stability. If current trends hold, we risk pushing vast swathes of the global populace out of habitable zones. According to the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, the world could see over nine million climate-related deaths annually by the end of the century.

Alarmingly, even as the Paris Agreement set forth ambitious targets, we find ourselves already breaching set thresholds. Warnings from the likes of the World Meteorological Organization underscore our precarious path, with threats not just to human health but to food security, water resources, and ecosystems — the very foundations of many global economies.

Furthermore, let’s consider the workforce, particularly outdoor workers in sectors like agriculture and construction. They are now emerging as the frontline victims of our changing climate. Inadequate protective measures in many countries, and some cases, regressive policy changes, threaten not just individual health but sectoral productivity and economic contributions. The ramifications for global supply chains, commodity prices, and overall financial stability cannot be overstated.

Beyond the direct heat impacts, the broader effects of climate change on food supplies present a pressing concern for global markets. As crops fail, livestock suffer, and fisheries decline, we’re confronted with potential volatility in food prices and security, with cascading implications for economies worldwide.

Global warming has surpassed the limits of human survival, resulting in severe health consequences and an increased risk of NCDs. Failing to prioritise prevention strategies and support effective climate action during the upcoming COP28 negotiations puts the global population at further risk. We must take urgent measures to address the health impacts of climate change, mitigate global warming, and support the adaptation of vulnerable communities. We hope to secure a sustainable future for humankind through collective efforts.

The post At COP28: Rising Temperatures Demand a Response to Non-Communicable Diseases appeared first on Medika Life.

The question is whether it can be successful.

A series of events over the past few years has made a successful COP even more challenging. Amid calls for drastic climate action now, there has been political backlash against climate change activism and mitigation in the United States, and the end of the pandemic has seen industrial operations, travel, and other human activity return to pre-pandemic levels, causing emissions to go up in some areas. In addition, COP27 saw the largest presence of fossil fuel interests of any previous COP meeting. At COP28 there will be an even larger presence given that it is being held in the oil-rich United Arab Emirates. Moreover, the appointment of the Sultan Al Jaber, CEO of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ANDOC) as the COP President has drawn the ire of some countries, along with climate and human rights activists.

The Stakes are High — IPPC’s Call for Urgent Action

Global conferences are nothing new. They make for interesting events, but often accomplish little in terms of catalyzing action. But this conference is different. The stakes could not be higher. COP28 attendees will take stock of the commitments made in Paris in 2015 to limit increase in global temperatures to 1.5 C and must forge commitments on a path forward. Decisions and accountability cannot be pushed to a future COP.

In March 2023, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), released its latest report on the progress being made towards curbing carbon emissions to achieve the Paris goals, and the findings were dire, but not hopeless. In short, the UN noted, the IPCC report concluded that unless the global community acted very quickly to make significant reductions, the chance to keep emissions below 1.5C increase were in serious jeopardy.

The report highlighted the damage that is already being done and that will continue “hitting the most vulnerable people and ecosystems especially hard.” Aditi Mukherji, one of the report’s authors, noted that “almost half the world’s population lives in regions that are highly vulnerable to climate change.” She went on to note that “in the last decade, deaths, droughts, and storms were 15 times higher in highly vulnerable regions.” The report noted that temperatures have already risen 1.1 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels.

According to the IPCC, if temperatures are to stay below 1.5 degrees increase, deep and rapid emissions reductions are needed in all sectors. The report concluded emissions must be cut by 50% by 2030.

While certainly a dire picture, the IPCC opined that there was still time to achieve these goals if action was quick and decisive. The IPCC proposed a “climate resilient development” approach and an increased focus on finance and finding ways to protect the most vulnerable. The UN called for an “Acceleration Agenda” and urged an immediate end to coal burning while achieving net-zero electricity generation by 2035 for all developed countries and by 2040 for the rest of the world.

IPCC Chair Hoesung Lee noted that “the report underscores the urgency of taking more ambitious action and shows that if we act now, we can still secure a livable sustainable future for all.”

But his words of caution ring particularly true for this conference, when he observed that “transformational changes are more likely to succeed where there is trust, where everyone works together to prioritize risk reductions, and where benefits and burdens are shared equitably.”

A Firestorm of Controversy

Can the attendees at COP 28 rise to meet the moment, trust each other, and work together to prioritize reductions and have the benefits and burdens shared equitably, or is COP28 doomed to failure? The controversies and skepticism of the parties leading into COP28 suggest a difficult path forward.

The decision to hold the COP28 in Dubai caused controversy for a variety of reasons, notably because of the dominance of the oil industry in the country, inequitable treatment of women, and limits on expression of political dissent. A new furor erupted in June when the Sultan Al Jaber’s appointment was announced.

Environmental activists and others were outraged and called the appointment a clear conflict of interest. The LA Times editorial page wrote: “Putting an oil executive in charge is not only a bad look, but it also stands to undermine important and urgent negotiations and further erode public confidence in summits that have been criticized as little more than high-level venues for greenwashing.”

Climate activists also roundly condemned the appointment. Al Jaber’s appointment “poses an outrageous conflict of interest” and takes the presence of fossil fuel lobbyists at the UN talks “to another dangerous and unprecedented level,” said Harjeet Singh, head of global political strategy at Climate Action Network International. Over 130 members of Congress and the European Parliament called for the removal of Sultan Al Jaber. There has also been significant concern about the limitations on protesting in the country. According to the Financial Times, COP28 organizers told speakers not to protest or criticize corporations, Islam, the UAE government or individuals.

Some leaders rallied to Al Jaber’s defense including US Climate Czar John Kerry who called the Sultan a “terrific choice” because his company knows it needs to transition.” EU Climate chief Frans Timmermans defended the UAE’s decision, asking people to “look at his impressive track record.”

Despite all the controversy, most countries and even most environmental organizations are still attending. Cherelle Blazer, senior advisor with Sierra Club’s climate group said it was “vitally important” that the members of civil society groups attend despite its being held “in a place that is hostile to protesting.”

In a rare interview the Guardian, the Sultan addressed concerns saying: “I decided I want to go and engage with everybody. I want everyone to be heard, and I want everyone to have face time with me. So, I travelled the world, and I even met with those who attack me publicly. I made it a point to go and see them.”

In further response to criticisms about hostility to protesting and concerns over inclusion and equality, on August 1, the UAE and the UN Climate group issued a joint statement trying to allay some fears on inclusiveness and the ability to protest:

“[W]e want to express our commitment to making COP28 and inclusive and safe space for all participants… We will work together to make CO28 the most inclusive UN Climate Change Conference to date.”

They sent a letter to all parties urging “increased participation and meaningful engagement of youth, women, and local communities, and Indigenous People … in climate decision making, policy and action.”

It went on to say, “In line with the UNFCCC guidelines and adherence to international human rights norms and principles, there will be space available for climate activists to assemble peacefully and make their voices heard.”

Only time will tell.

What is on the Agenda?

Sultan Al Jaber issued a strong call to action to the parties on the need to take strong and vigorous action:

• We must unite and seize the moment of the Global Stocktake to put the world on the right track to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement.
• We need tangible progress, this year, on reform that will unlock far more concessional finance, mitigate risk, and attract more private capital.
• We must be laser focused on phasing out fossil fuel emissions, while phasing up viable, affordable zero carbon alternatives.

The Global Stocktake will be the first COP to undertake a process designed to examine the degree to which countries have been successful in taking measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a comprehensive way. The data gathering has been ongoing over the past year, but in Dubai the parties will evaluate the results. In other words, it will in theory provide a mechanism to hold countries accountable for their actions or inaction.

In conjunction with the call to action, the Presidency also established the agenda and themes for each day. The themes include:

· Health/Relief, Recovery and Peace — Focusing on “investments that protect lives and support community resilience and stability.”

· Finance/Trade/Gender Equality/Accountability — Finance and trade mechanisms will require transformational change to achieve the climate goals. The focus will be on scale, access, and affordability. Programs will address mechanisms to ensure accountability so that help turn promises into results. Also discussed will be gender-responsive policy-making and better access to finance in the pursuit of true advancement of gender equality.

· Energy, Industry and Just Transition — A focus on the various strategies and mechanisms to obtain massive decarbonization and just transition while accelerating economic opportunity and job growth, while also addressing universal energy access and the needs of workers across the energy sector transition.

· Multilevel Action, Urbanization & Built Environment/Transport — A key focus will be on government action at all levels — not just national governments. Mayors, governors, and others will be featured, with a particular focus on challenges in building resiliency in urban areas related to the built environment and transportation.

· Youth, Children, Education, and Skills — Younger generations will be most affected by climate impacts and engagement, inclusion in policy decision making, and adapting education to develop skillsets aligned with climate action among those groups is critical.

· Nature, Land Use & Oceans — Critical to Paris Climate goals are the sustainability of nature, land use, and oceans. Delivering climate and nature co-benefits through a range of financing mechanisms will be discussed. Attention will be given also to managing carbon sinks and biodiversity hotspots. There will also be a focus on increasing private equity investment to nature-positive accountability frameworks.

· Food, Agriculture & Water — Feeding the planet is critical and food supply is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Moreover, the food and agriculture industry are significant contributors to man-made climate emissions as well as water resources. This will focus on innovation and investment, regenerative agriculture, and related financing mechanisms. Freshwater restoration, conservation and infrastructure discussions will also be an area of focus.

Woven into all days will be four key topics: Technology & Innovation, Inclusion, Frontline Communities, and Finance. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, swirling around all this activity will be the formal negotiations by the government leaders over a new agreement.

Can COP28 Succeed?

Even in the best of circumstances, the ability to reach consensus across the global community on any issue of significance is daunting. COP28 will face tremendous headwinds given the lack of significant progress since 2015, the sheer complexity of the issues, the vast difference between countries in terms of development, the lack of trust among parties and stakeholders, and the controversy over the host country and the leadership of COP. The stakes are high for our planet and everyone on it. If the parties recognize what is truly at stake and the magnitude of the challenges, and if they can find a way to trust and put personal agendas aside, it can be successful.

It is a tall order, but our future depends on it. The world will be watching; and hoping.

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