Nausea and vomiting occur in up to 90% of pregnancies. For many, these symptoms are a mild annoyance. Others develop a severe form called hyperemesis gravidarum. Many women want to treat this common problem with natural remedies instead of prescription medications.

What causes nausea in pregnancy?

What exactly causes nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is not fully understood. Scientists do recognize the contributing factors. One of these is the hormonal changes that occur, especially in the first trimester. High levels of estrogen, progesterone, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger many women’s nausea and vomiting.

These pregnancy-related hormones slow our ability to digest food properly. They can also lead to smooth muscle relaxation in the gastrointestinal tract, which can cause gastrointestinal reflux disease (heartburn).

Genetic factors play a role. Some studies have shown that women with severe nausea and vomiting during their pregnancy also had first degree relatives with the same pregnancy symptoms.

Even though we don’t understand why some women have severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy and some don’t, the good news is that some natural remedies have been proven to show significant improvement in the patient’s symptoms and overall well-being.

Supplement with Vitamin B-6 

Vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a vital role in brain development and keeping the nervous and immune systems healthy. It is not produced naturally by the body. We get it only through the foods we eat and supplements.

Vitamin B-6 is a safe first-line treatment for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Over-the-counter vitamin B-6 (25mg) taken three times a day during pregnancy has decreased nausea and vomiting symptoms and improved appetite.

Try taking ginger 

Some women find food and supplements containing ginger to be helpful. Ginger is available in a variety of forms. Capsule, candies, teas, and ginger ale can help soothe an upset stomach. 

Many women report a reduction in nausea and vomiting symptoms with this ancient remedy, and some medical studies support ginger products’ effectiveness.

Snack to keep the stomach from feeling empty

Another way to help decrease the chance of suffering from nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is to eat smaller and more frequent meals throughout the day. 

Keeping the stomach from getting empty helps food digestion. Everyone’s grandmother recommends saltine crackers. This old-fashioned tip helps coat the stomach and avoids the sensation of hunger. 

Finding foods that are appealing and easy to digest are essential. Nuts and fiber-filled foods may be a challenge in early pregnancy. Spicy, greasy foods and strong-smelling foods may worsen the first trimester symptoms.

The good news is nausea and vomiting will resolve

For many excited pregnant moms, nausea and vomiting prevent them from enjoying early pregnancy. Rest assured, these symptoms resolve, and almost all women will be able to eat normally throughout the majority of their pregnancy.

These tips can help buy time until morning sickness passes. 

This article was contributed by MacArthur Medical Center’s Mary Lela Vonder Haar, PA. 

The post How Pregnant Women Can Cope With Nausea and Vomiting appeared first on Medika Life.

Causes

Most women have some nausea or vomiting (morning sickness), particularly during the first 3 months of pregnancy. The exact cause of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is not known. However, it is believed to be caused by a rapidly rising blood level of a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). HCG is released by the placenta. Mild morning sickness is common. Hyperemesis gravidarium is less common and more severe.

Women with hyperemesis gravidarum have extreme nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. It can cause a weight loss of more than 5% of body weight. The condition can happen in any pregnancy, but is a little more likely if you are pregnant with twins (or more babies), or if you have a hydatidiform mole. Women are at higher risk for hyperemesis if they have had the problem in previous pregnancies or are prone to motion sickness.

Symptoms

Morning sickness can cause decreased appetite, low level nausea, or vomiting. This is different from true hyperemesis because people are typically still able to eat and drink fluids some of the time.

Symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum are much more severe. They may include:

• Severe, persistent nausea and vomiting during pregnancy
• Salivating a lot more than normal
• Weight loss
• Signs of dehydration such as dark urine, dry skin, weakness, lightheadedness or fainting
• Constipation
• Inability to take in adequate amounts of fluid or nutrition

Exams and Tests

Your health care provider will do a physical exam. Your blood pressure may be low. Your pulse may be high.

The following laboratory tests will be done to check for signs of dehydration:

• Complete blood count
• Electrolytes
• Urine ketones
• Weight loss

Your provider may need to run tests to make sure you do not have liver and gastrointestinal problems. A pregnancy ultrasound will be done to see if you are carrying twins or more babies. Ultrasound also checks for a hydatidiform mole.

Treatment

Morning sickness can most often be managed by avoiding triggering foods that trigger the problem and drinking plenty of fluids when the symptoms let up in order to stay hydrated.

If your nausea and vomiting causes you to become dehydrated, you will receive fluids through an IV. You also may be given anti-nausea medicine. If nausea and vomiting is so severe that you and your baby might be in danger, you will be admitted to the hospital for treatment. If you can’t eat enough to get the nutrients you and your baby need, you may get extra nutrients either through an IV or a tube placed into your stomach.

To help manage symptoms at home, try these tips.

Avoid triggers. You may notice that certain things can trigger nausea and vomiting. These may include:

• Certain noises and sounds, even the radio or TV
• Bright or blinking lights
• Toothpaste
• Smells such as perfume and scented bathing and grooming products
• Pressure on your stomach (wear loose-fitting clothes)
• Riding in a car
• Taking showers

Eat and drink when you are able. Take advantage of the times you feel better to eat and drink. Eat small, frequent meals. Try dry, bland foods such as crackers or potatoes. Try eating any foods that appeal to you. See if you can tolerate nutritious smoothies with fruits or vegetables.

Increase fluids during times of the day when you feel least nauseated. Seltzer, ginger ale, or other sparkling drinks may help. You can also try using low-dose ginger supplements or acupressure wrist bands to ease symptoms.

Vitamin B6 (no more than 100 mg daily) has been shown to decrease nausea in early pregnancy. Ask your provider if this vitamin might help you. Another medicine called doxylamine (Unisom) has been shown to be very effective and safe when combined with Vitamin B6 for nausea in pregnancy. You can buy this medicine without a prescription.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Morning sickness typically is mild, but persistent. It can begin between 4 and 8 weeks of pregnancy. It typically goes away by 16 to 18 weeks of pregnancy. Severe nausea and vomiting may also start between 4 and 8 weeks of pregnancy and often goes away by weeks 14 to 16. Some women will continue to have nausea and vomiting for their entire pregnancy. With proper identification of symptoms and careful follow-up, serious complications for the baby or mother are rare.

Possible Complications

Severe vomiting is harmful because it leads to dehydration and poor weight gain during pregnancy. Rarely, a woman may have bleeding in her esophagus or other serious problems from constant vomiting.

The condition can make it difficult to continue to work or take care of yourself. It can cause anxiety and depression in some women that lingers after the pregnancy.

When to Contact your Doctor

Call your doctor if you are pregnant and have severe nausea and vomiting or if you have any of the following symptoms:

• Signs of dehydration
• Unable to tolerate any fluids for over 12 hours
• Lightheadedness or dizziness
• Blood in the vomit
• Abdominal pain
• Weight loss of more than 5 lb

The post Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Pregnancy appeared first on Medika Life.